Water drain pipes are a crucial part of our plumbing system, but they can be vulnerable to damage from frozen and burst pipes.
Frozen pipes can burst when water inside them expands as it freezes, causing significant damage to your home's structure and belongings. This can happen when the temperature drops below 32°F (0°C) and the pipes are not properly insulated.
To prevent this, it's essential to insulate exposed pipes in unheated areas like the garage, basement, or crawlspace, which can be done with foam pipe insulation or heat tape. This can help keep the pipes from freezing and bursting.
If you live in an area prone to freezing temperatures, consider letting cold water drip from the faucet served by exposed pipes. This can help prevent the pipes from freezing and bursting.
Preparing for Winter in Six Steps
First, shut off the main water valve, which can be found near the water meter or on the interior or exterior of your home. This is a crucial step to prevent water from flowing into your pipes.
The main water valve is usually located in a box, and you'll need to turn the knob or handle counterclockwise to shut it off. If it's stuck, use a rag to help turn it.
Next, you'll need to locate the air compressor or cans of forced air to force any remaining water out of the pipes. This will prevent water from freezing inside your pipes.
By following these steps, you'll be able to drain your water lines and prevent frozen pipes. This will save you from headaches and costly repairs down the line.
If you don't have access to an air compressor, you can use cans of forced air to get the job done. This is a great alternative to ensure your pipes are completely drained.
As you're winterizing your pipes, be sure to soak up all the water from toilets, toilet tanks, traps, and anywhere where you would have standing water. This will prevent sewer gases from rising up into the house.
Reversing the water flow and filling all the pipes up again is an easy matter of reversing what you did to drain the pipes. This will ensure your pipes are ready for when you return.
Choosing the Right Pipe
Choosing the right pipe is crucial for a reliable and efficient water drain system. You want a pipe that can withstand heavy use and harsh conditions.
The material of the pipe is a top priority, as it affects its durability, chemical resistance, and longevity. PVC pipes, for example, are extremely durable and can withstand heavy weights and some chemical exposure. HDPE pipes, on the other hand, can withstand high temperatures and chemical exposure.
The size of the pipe is also essential, as it affects the flow rate of water. A pipe that is too small can cause slow drainage during periods of high use, while a pipe that is too large can be expensive and unnecessary. The good news is that contractors can determine the anticipated flow rates to choose the right size drain pipe.
Soil conditions must also be considered when choosing a pipe. Exceptionally rocky soil may require a pipe that is both durable and flexible, like HDPE. Installation costs may be higher for pipes that require special fittings or techniques.
Maintenance requirements are another important factor to consider. Some pipes may require frequent inspections and cleaning to keep the water flowing. Make sure to check your local regulations and building codes regarding drain pipes, as some cities and states may have specific requirements.
Here's a list of the top pipe materials to consider:
- PVC: durable and can withstand heavy weights and some chemical exposure
- HDPE: can withstand high temperatures and chemical exposure, with an expected useful life of about 50 years
- Cast Iron: typically used for sewer lines, with an expected useful life of about 50 years
- Clay: often used for sewer lines, with an expected useful life of between 50 and 60 years
- Copper: well-known for potable water lines, but can also be used for drain lines and gutters, with an expected useful life of between 70 and 80 years
Installation and Maintenance
Installation and maintenance of water drain pipes is crucial to ensure they function properly and last long. It's best to have previous plumbing experience or hire an experienced plumber to install drain lines, so you get the right type of pipes for your needs and they are installed correctly.
Regular inspections are a must to catch any potential issues early. This should be done on your drain lines and sewer pipe.
If you notice slow drains, it's essential to have them cleared as soon as possible to prevent further damage.
Cleaning your gutters, flushing catch basins, and French drains are also important for proper drain maintenance.
Be mindful of trees or bushes growing near your drain lines, as they can break and infiltrate the pipes.
If you suspect a drain pipe leak, get it repaired promptly to avoid water damage and other issues.
Remember, only flush toilet paper and human waste down your toilets, and never put grease, oil, or lard down your sink drain to practice proper drain stewardship.
Common Issues and Solutions
Clogged drains can be a real pain, but the solution is simple: use strainers to catch hair and food particles, and only flush toilet paper and human waste. Don't put grease, meat, or vegetable scraps down your sink drains, as they can cause problems.
Standing water around your home or yard can be caused by blocked catch basins or not having enough catch basins. Regularly flushing outdoor drain systems and installing additional catch basins can help resolve the issue.
Root infiltration is a common problem in sewer lines, often caused by nearby trees and shrubs growing into your sewer pipe. Removing these trees and shrubs can help prevent the issue.
Cracks and breaks in your drain pipes or sewer line can be prevented with regular inspections. Catching small issues early on can save you from expensive repair bills.
Multiple slow drains can be caused by a sewer pipe blockage or drain lines or pipes that aren’t sized correctly. A professional plumber can inspect and repair your drain pipes and sewer lines.
Flooding in your basement or crawlspace can be caused by groundwater infiltration or a failed sump pump. Regular maintenance and inspections can help prevent these issues.
Terrible odors in your home or property can be due to sewer line problems or standing water in your catch basins. Regularly cleaning your drain lines and flushing your catch basins can help resolve the issue.
Tools and Equipment
To install water drain pipes, you'll need a few key tools and equipment. A pipe cutter is a must-have for cutting pipes to the right length.
The right pipe cutter can make a big difference in the installation process. For example, a hacksaw is not ideal for cutting PVC pipes.
A pipe wrench is necessary for gripping and twisting pipes to secure them in place. It's also useful for loosening stuck pipes.
A level is essential for ensuring the pipes are properly aligned and sloped for proper drainage. This is especially important for preventing water from accumulating in the pipes.
A pipe joint compound, also known as pipe dope, is used to create a watertight seal between pipes. Apply a small amount to the threads before assembling the pipes.
A pipe bender is necessary for bending pipes to fit around corners or obstacles. This can be especially useful in tight spaces.
Get Professional Services
If you're not comfortable with DIY pipe draining, consider hiring a professional. Our team at Works Plumbing has more than two decades of experience helping homeowners prepare for winter weather.
We can assess the state of your pipes and plumbing systems to determine the best way to prepare them for the winter weather. Our technicians are experienced and can spot potential problems.
If we spot already broken water pipes, our water line repair team will take action to prevent the problem from worsening over the winter months. Call us today to learn more about how to protect your pipes this winter.
Residential Systems
Your home's drainage system is a complex network of pipes and systems that work together to keep your home dry and safe. It's composed of two separate systems: one for rainwater and surface water, and the other for wastewater.
The rainwater system, also known as the stormwater system, includes gutters, downspouts, and catch basins that funnel rainwater away from your home's foundation and exterior walls to the city's stormwater management system. This helps prevent puddles and flooding on your property.
A typical residential stormwater system consists of gutters and downspouts, which direct rainwater away from your home, and sometimes catch basins, which are covered with grates, drop inlets, or flanking inlets. Catch basins are usually located around your foundation, garage door, or patio.
Your residential wastewater system, on the other hand, is responsible for funneling dirty water from your showers, bathtubs, sinks, toilets, and other water-using appliances. This water is classified as either greywater or blackwater, depending on the fixture where it originated.
Greywater is water contaminated with dirt and soap but not pathogens or human waste, while blackwater is water that contains human waste and pathogens. Both types of water are funneled into your sewer pipe and onto the city's water treatment plant for filtering and decontamination.
Frequently Asked Questions
What pipe is used for water drainage?
For water drainage, PVC pipes are the most commonly used due to their malleable properties and ability to withstand pressure and weight.
How do I turn off water and drain pipes?
Turn off the water by rotating the tap clockwise and then drain the pipes by loosening the tap counterclockwise
How do you fix a water drain pipe?
To fix a water drain pipe, remove the damaged section and replace it with a new pipe, using a slip coupling and solvent cement to secure it in place. Follow these steps to ensure a watertight and durable repair.
Sources
- https://mosbybuildingarts.com/drain-water-pipes-prepare-freezing/
- https://www.thespruce.com/drain-your-homes-plumbing-system-1824885
- https://worksplumbing.com/how-to-drain-pipes-for-winter/
- https://bfplumbingbayarea.com/blog/how-to-drain-pipes-for-the-winter/
- https://en.lesso.com/blogs/how-to-choose-drainage-pipe-for-home/
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