
1. 1,4-dioxane is a known carcinogen that has been found in many popular laundry detergents.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified 1,4-dioxane as a likely human carcinogen, which means it has the potential to cause cancer.
Many laundry detergents contain 1,4-dioxane as a byproduct of the manufacturing process, even if it's not listed as an ingredient.
Some popular laundry detergents have been found to contain levels of 1,4-dioxane that exceed the EPA's safety threshold.
Research has shown that repeated exposure to 1,4-dioxane can lead to health problems, including cancer and reproductive issues.
Using a laundry detergent that contains 1,4-dioxane can put you and your family at risk of exposure to this toxic chemical.
Fortunately, there are alternatives to traditional laundry detergents that can help reduce your exposure to 1,4-dioxane.
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What is 1,4-Dioxane?
1,4 Dioxane is a contaminant byproduct of ethoxylation, a process used to make detergents softer and less harsh.
It's not technically an ingredient, so it's not required to be listed on product labels.
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Multiple research studies have shown 1,4 Dioxane has carcinogenic qualities, leading the EPA, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to classify it as a probable/possible/likely human carcinogen.
1,4 Dioxane is also a contaminant of concern in our waterways and is often not filtered out by municipal water systems.
Here are some of the groups that have classified 1,4 Dioxane as a potential human carcinogen:
- EPA
- Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
New York State has banned its use except in minuscule amounts, and Europe has added it to its list for potential regulation.
Potential Health Effects
1,4 Dioxane in laundry detergents can have serious health effects. It's a probable Class B carcinogen, which means it may cause cancer.
Eyes, nose, and throat irritation are common symptoms of 1,4 Dioxane exposure. This can be uncomfortable and even painful.
Liver and kidney damage are also potential health effects of 1,4 Dioxane exposure. This can lead to long-term health problems if not addressed.
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Studies have shown that 1,4 Dioxane can increase the cancer-causing properties of other chemicals when it comes to skin exposure. This is a serious concern for anyone who uses contaminated laundry detergents.
1,4 Dioxane can be transferred through breast milk from mother to baby, which is a worrying prospect for new parents.
Here are some of the potential health effects of 1,4 Dioxane:
- Eyes, nose, and throat irritation
- Liver and kidney damage
- Cancer
- Increased cancer-causing properties of other chemicals with skin exposure
- Breast milk transfer from mother to baby
Why Brands Use 1,4-Dioxane in Laundry Detergents
Brands don't intentionally add 1,4-dioxane to laundry detergents, it's a byproduct of manufacturing processes for some surfactants.
It sneaks in during a process called ethoxylation, which is used to make some ingredients for detergents.
This chemical can accidentally end up in the mix, and brands are working to keep 1,4-dioxane levels low or eliminate it from their products.
According to the American Cleaning Institute, major manufacturers of detergents and their ingredient suppliers have worked strenuously to address levels of 1,4-dioxane in their products to meet the stringent requirements set forth by New York State.
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Many companies have utilized a waiver process set forth by the DEC, signifying their efforts to further lower the trace levels of 1,4-dioxane, as required by law.
As of February 2023, major detergent manufacturers were indeed found to be in compliance with the most stringent requirements of New York's regulations.
Here are some key facts to keep in mind when choosing a detergent:
- 1,4-dioxane is present at very low, trace levels.
- It's not an intentionally added ingredient.
- Major manufacturers are working to keep 1,4-dioxane levels low or eliminate it from their products.
Preventing Exposure to Non-Toxic Laundry Detergent
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined that certain consumer products containing 1,4-dioxane do not present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health or the environment.
To minimize exposure, check the detergent's list of ingredients, as some contain sodium laureth sulfate, which might have 1,4-dioxane.
The good news is that many detergent manufacturers have worked to lower 1,4-dioxane levels in their products to meet New York State's stringent requirements.
If you're concerned about the environmental impact, look for non-toxic laundry detergents that don't contain 1,4-dioxane and other toxic chemicals.
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Major manufacturers of detergents have indeed been found to be in compliance with New York's regulations, and consumers can continue to use their favorite detergent products as directed.
Consider switching to non-toxic laundry detergent to prevent exposure to the harmful chemical, and look for those labeled as "1,4-dioxane-free" or "non-toxic" whenever you shop for laundry products.
Here are some key facts to keep in mind when choosing a non-toxic laundry detergent:
- Check the detergent's list of ingredients for sodium laureth sulfate.
- Look for non-toxic laundry detergents labeled as "1,4-dioxane-free" or "non-toxic".
- Consider making your own non-toxic laundry detergent using safe ingredients.
Key Facts and Information
1,4-dioxane is a byproduct of manufacturing processes for some surfactants in cleaning products and detergents.
New York State enacted a law in 2019 requiring extremely low levels of 1,4-dioxane in detergents, cleaning products, and cosmetics, which went into effect on December 31, 2022.
The law sets a limit of 1 part per million (ppm) for 1,4-dioxane in these products, with a phased-in approach to achieve this goal.
Major manufacturers of detergents and their ingredient suppliers have worked to address levels of 1,4-dioxane in their products to meet the stringent requirements set forth by New York State.
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According to a 2020 determination by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), certain consumer products containing 1,4-dioxane do not present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health or the environment.
Some laundry detergents may contain 1,4-dioxane, but it's not an intentionally added ingredient and is present at very low, trace levels.
To check if a detergent contains 1,4-dioxane, look for its list of ingredients, as some may include sodium laureth sulfate, which can be a precursor to 1,4-dioxane.
Here are some key facts to keep in mind:
Some laundry detergents have lowered their levels of 1,4-dioxane, and starting this year, products must have 1 ppm or less of the chemical if they are sold in New York State.
Non-toxic laundry detergents are a safer option, as they don't contain 1,4-dioxane and other toxic chemicals, making them safer for your health and the environment.
You can continue to use your favorite detergent products as directed, as major manufacturers were found to be in compliance with the most stringent requirements of New York's regulations.
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Regulations and Bans
New York State banned the chemical 1,4-dioxane in laundry detergent, which is suspected of causing cancer, as of December 31, 2023.
The state only allows one part-per-million of 1,4-dioxane in cleaning products. Proctor and Gamble, the company that owns Tide and Gain, claims that even if you washed and wore over 1,000 loads of laundry every day, you'd still be below the safe limit for 1,4-dioxane.
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) has a statement on its website saying they prioritize protecting public health and the environment. They also mention that several new laws took effect in 2023 to help reduce exposure to harmful chemicals in everyday items.
You can apply for a one-year waiver twice to the DEC, but you have to show proof that you've taken steps to reduce the substance in your products.
Ask ACI: Detergents and 1,4-Dioxane
So, you're wondering about 1,4-dioxane in laundry detergents? The good news is that major manufacturers have worked to address levels of 1,4-dioxane in their products, many have utilized a waiver process to further lower trace levels, and most have been found to be in compliance with New York's regulations.
In fact, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined in 2020 that certain consumer products containing 1,4-dioxane do not present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health or the environment.
New York State enacted a law in 2019 requiring extremely low levels of 1,4-dioxane in detergents, cleaning products, and cosmetics, which went into effect on December 31, 2022.
You can continue to use your favorite detergent products as directed, as they are safe and effective for daily use.
Some detergents may contain 1,4-dioxane due to a process called ethoxylation, which can accidentally introduce the chemical into the mix.
To check if a detergent contains 1,4-dioxane, look for ingredients like sodium laureth sulfate, which might have the chemical.
Here are some key things to know about 1,4-dioxane and detergents:
- Check the detergent's list of ingredients
- Consider the environmental impact of the detergent
- Be aware of possible health problems linked to 1,4-dioxane
- Learn about the rules in your area regarding 1,4-dioxane levels
- Look for non-toxic laundry detergent options
- Consider making your own non-toxic laundry detergent using safe ingredients
Toxicology
1,4-dioxane can harm your body in various ways, including problems in the liver and kidneys when exposed to large amounts.
Exposure to this chemical can also lead to organ failure and sometimes death, especially if you're exposed to very high levels for a short time.
Long-term exposure to contaminated water or skin contact can still hurt your liver and kidneys.
Animal studies suggest that exposure to 1,4-dioxane can harm the developing baby, which is a concern for pregnant women.
In California, 1,4-dioxane is listed as a chemical known or suspected to cause congenital disabilities under Proposition 65.
Research hints at a link between 1,4-dioxane and problems like miscarriages and stillbirths, particularly in jobs involving various chemicals.
1,4-dioxane is cytotoxic, meaning it can damage or kill cells in your body.
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